Veritas NetBackup™ Security and Encryption Guide

Last Published:
Product(s): NetBackup & Alta Data Protection (8.3.0.1, 8.3)
  1. Increasing NetBackup security
    1.  
      About NetBackup security and encryption
    2.  
      NetBackup security implementation levels
    3.  
      World-level security
    4.  
      Enterprise-level security
    5.  
      Datacenter-level security overview
    6.  
      NetBackup Access Control (NBAC)
    7.  
      Combined world, enterprise, and data center levels
    8.  
      NetBackup security implementation types
    9.  
      Operating system security
    10.  
      NetBackup security vulnerabilities
    11.  
      Standard NetBackup security
    12.  
      Client side encryption security
    13.  
      NBAC on master, media server, and graphical user interface security
    14.  
      NBAC complete security
  2. Security deployment models
    1.  
      Workgroups
    2.  
      Single datacenters
    3.  
      Multi-datacenters
    4.  
      Workgroup with NetBackup
    5.  
      Single datacenter with standard NetBackup
    6.  
      Single datacenter with client side encryption
    7.  
      Single datacenter with NBAC on master and media servers
    8.  
      Single datacenter with NBAC complete
    9.  
      Multi-datacenter with standard NetBackup
    10.  
      Multi-datacenter with client side encryption
    11.  
      Multi-datacenter with NBAC on master and media servers
    12.  
      Multi-datacenter with NBAC complete
  3. Port security
    1.  
      About NetBackup TCP/IP ports
    2. About NetBackup daemons, ports, and communication
      1.  
        Standard NetBackup ports
      2.  
        NetBackup master server outgoing ports
      3.  
        NetBackup media server outgoing ports
      4.  
        NetBackup enterprise media management (EMM) server outgoing ports
      5.  
        Client outgoing ports
      6.  
        Java server outgoing ports
      7.  
        Java console outgoing ports
      8.  
        About MSDP port usage
      9.  
        About Cloud port usage
      10. Additional port information for products that interoperate with NetBackup
        1.  
          About communication ports and firewall considerations in OpsCenter
        2.  
          Ports required to communicate with backup products
        3.  
          Web browser to launch OpsCenter user interface
        4.  
          About OpsCenter user interface and OpsCenter server software communication
        5.  
          About OpsCenter server to NetBackup master server (NBSL) communication
        6.  
          About SNMP traps
        7.  
          About communication between OpsCenter and Sybase database
        8.  
          About email communication in OpsCenter
    3. About configuring ports
      1.  
        Enabling or disabling random port assignments
      2.  
        Editing port information in configuration files
      3.  
        Updating client connection options
      4.  
        Updating port settings for the Media Manager in the vm.conf file
    4.  
      Port requirements for NDMP backups
    5.  
      Known firewall problems encountered when using NetBackup with third-party robotic products
  4. Auditing NetBackup operations
    1.  
      About NetBackup auditing
    2.  
      Viewing the current audit settings
    3.  
      Audit retention period and catalog backups of audit records
    4.  
      Viewing the detailed NetBackup audit report
    5.  
      User identity in the audit report
    6.  
      Disabling auditing
    7.  
      Audit alert notification for audit failures (NetBackup Administration Console)
    8. About Enhanced Auditing
      1.  
        Enabling Enhanced Auditing
      2. Configuring Enhanced Auditing
        1.  
          Connecting to a media server with Enhanced Auditing
        2.  
          Changing a server across NetBackup domains
        3.  
          Configuration requirements if using Change Server with NBAC or Enhanced Auditing
      3.  
        Disabling Enhanced Auditing
  5. Access control security
    1.  
      About access control in NetBackup
    2.  
      Managing users with Enhanced Auditing
    3.  
      User authentication with Enhanced Auditing
    4.  
      Impact of Enhanced Auditing on NetBackup Administration Console authorization
  6. NetBackup Access Control Security (NBAC)
    1.  
      About using NetBackup Access Control (NBAC)
    2.  
      NetBackup access management administration
    3.  
      About NetBackup Access Control (NBAC) configuration
    4. Configuring NetBackup Access Control (NBAC)
      1.  
        NBAC configuration overview
      2.  
        Configuring NetBackup Access Control (NBAC) on standalone master servers
      3.  
        Installing the NetBackup master server highly available on a cluster
      4.  
        Configuring NetBackup Access Control (NBAC) on a clustered master server
      5.  
        Configuring NetBackup Access Control (NBAC) on media servers
      6.  
        Installing and configuring access control on clients
      7.  
        About including authentication and authorization databases in the NetBackup hot catalog backups
      8.  
        NBAC configure commands summary
      9.  
        Unifying NetBackup Management infrastructures with the setuptrust command
      10.  
        Using the setuptrust command
    5. Configuring Access Control host properties for the master and media server
      1.  
        Authentication Domain tab
      2.  
        Authorization Service tab
      3.  
        Network Attributes tab
    6. Access Control host properties dialog for the client
      1.  
        Authentication Domain tab for the client
      2.  
        Network Attributes tab for the client
    7.  
      Using NetBackup Access Control (NBAC) with Auto Image Replication
    8. Troubleshooting Access Management
      1.  
        Troubleshooting NBAC issues
      2.  
        Configuration and troubleshooting tips for NetBackup Authentication and Authorization
      3. Windows verification points
        1.  
          Master server verification points for Windows
        2.  
          Media server verification points for Windows
        3.  
          Client verification points for Windows
      4. UNIX verification points
        1.  
          UNIX master server verification
        2.  
          UNIX media server verification
        3.  
          UNIX client verification
      5. Verification points in a mixed environment with a UNIX master server
        1.  
          Master server verification points for a mixed UNIX master server
        2.  
          Media server verification points for a mixed UNIX master server
        3.  
          Client verification points for a mixed UNIX master server
      6. Verification points in a mixed environment with a Windows master server
        1.  
          Master server verification points for a mixed Windows master server
        2.  
          Media server verification points for a mixed Windows master server
        3.  
          Client verification points for a mixed Windows master server
      7.  
        About the nbac_cron utility
      8.  
        Using the nbac_cron utility
    9.  
      Using the Access Management utility
    10. About determining who can access NetBackup
      1.  
        Individual users
      2.  
        User groups
      3.  
        NetBackup default user groups
      4. Configuring user groups
        1.  
          Creating a new user group
        2.  
          Creating a new user group by copying an existing user group
        3.  
          Renaming a user group
        4.  
          Adding a new user to the user group
      5. About defining a user group and users
        1.  
          Logging on as a new user
        2.  
          Assigning a user to a user group
        3.  
          About authorization objects and permissions
    11. Viewing specific user permissions for NetBackup user groups
      1.  
        Granting permissions
      2.  
        Authorization objects
      3.  
        Media authorization object permissions
      4.  
        Policy authorization object permissions
      5.  
        Drive authorization object permissions
      6.  
        Report authorization object permissions
      7.  
        NBU_Catalog authorization object permissions
      8.  
        Robot authorization object permissions
      9.  
        Storage unit authorization object permissions
      10.  
        DiskPool authorization object permissions
      11.  
        BUAndRest authorization object permissions
      12.  
        Job authorization object permissions
      13.  
        Service authorization object permissions
      14.  
        HostProperties authorization object permissions
      15.  
        License authorization object permissions
      16.  
        Volume group authorization object permissions
      17.  
        VolumePool authorization object permissions
      18.  
        DevHost authorization object permissions
      19.  
        Security authorization object permissions
      20.  
        Fat server authorization object permissions
      21.  
        Fat client authorization object permissions
      22.  
        Vault authorization object permissions
      23.  
        Server group authorization object permissions
      24.  
        Key management system (kms) group authorization object permissions
    12.  
      Upgrading NetBackup Access Control (NBAC)
  7. About AD and LDAP domains
    1.  
      Adding AD or LDAP domains in NetBackup
    2.  
      Troubleshooting AD or LDAP domain configuration issues
    3.  
      Certificate authorities trusted by the NetBackup Authentication Service
  8. NetBackup CA and NetBackup certificates
    1.  
      Overview of security certificates in NetBackup
    2.  
      About secure communication in NetBackup
    3. About the Security Management utilities
      1.  
        About login activity
    4. About audit events
      1.  
        Viewing audit events
      2.  
        Audit Events tab
      3.  
        Viewing audit event details
      4.  
        Audit Events Details dialog box
      5.  
        Viewing audit event status
      6.  
        Troubleshooting auditing issues related to the Access History tab
    5. About host management
      1.  
        Hosts tab
      2.  
        Adding host ID to host name mappings
      3.  
        Add or Remove Host Mappings dialog box
      4.  
        Removing host ID to host name mappings
      5.  
        Mappings for Approval tab
      6.  
        Viewing auto-discovered mappings
      7.  
        Mapping Details dialog box
      8.  
        Approving host ID to host name mappings
      9.  
        Rejecting host ID to host name mappings
      10. Adding shared or cluster mappings
        1.  
          About shared or cluster mapping scenarios
      11.  
        Add Shared or Cluster Mappings dialog box
      12.  
        Resetting NetBackup host attributes
      13. Allowing or disallowing automatic certificate reissue
        1.  
          Configuring validity of the autoreissue parameter for a host
      14.  
        Adding or deleting comment for a host
    6. About global security settings
      1.  
        About secure communication settings
      2.  
        Disabling insecure communication
      3.  
        About insecure communication with 8.0 and earlier hosts
      4.  
        About communication with 8.0 or earlier host in multiple NetBackup domains
      5.  
        Automatically mapping host ID to host names and IP addresses
      6.  
        About disaster recovery settings
      7.  
        Setting a passphrase to encrypt disaster recovery packages
      8.  
        Disaster recovery packages
    7. About host name-based certificates
      1.  
        Deploying host name-based certificates
    8. About host ID-based certificates
      1.  
        Web login requirements for nbcertcmd command options
      2. Using the Certificate Management utility to issue and deploy host ID-based certificates
        1.  
          Viewing host ID-based certificate details
      3. About NetBackup certificate deployment security levels
        1.  
          Configuring the certificate deployment security levels
      4.  
        Automatic host ID-based certificate deployment
      5.  
        Deploying host ID-based certificates
      6.  
        Deploying host ID-based certificates in an asynchronous manner
      7.  
        Implication of clock skew on certificate validity
      8. Setting up trust with the master server (Certificate Authority)
        1.  
          Finding and communicating the fingerprint of the certificate authority
      9.  
        Forcing or overwriting certificate deployment
      10.  
        Retaining host ID-based certificates when reinstalling NetBackup on non-master hosts
      11.  
        Deploying certificates on a client that has no connectivity with the master server
      12.  
        About host ID-based certificate expiration and renewal
      13.  
        Deleting sensitive certificates and keys from media servers and clients
      14.  
        Cleaning host ID-based certificate information from a host before cloning a virtual machine
      15. About reissuing host ID-based certificates
        1.  
          Creating a reissue token
        2.  
          Changing the key pair for a host
    9. About Token Management for host ID-based certificates
      1.  
        Creating authorization tokens
      2.  
        Deleting authorization tokens
      3.  
        Viewing authorization token details
      4.  
        About expired authorization tokens and cleanup
    10. About the host ID-based certificate revocation list
      1.  
        Refreshing the CRL on the master server
      2.  
        Refreshing the CRL on a NetBackup host
    11. About revoking host ID-based certificates
      1.  
        Removing trust between a host and a master server
      2.  
        Revoking a host ID-based certificate
      3.  
        Determining a NetBackup host's certificate state
      4.  
        Getting a list of NetBackup hosts that have revoked certificates
    12.  
      Deleting host ID-based certificates
    13. Host ID-based certificate deployment in a clustered setup
      1. About deployment of a host ID-based certificate on a clustered NetBackup host
        1.  
          Host ID-based certificate deployment on the active master server node
        2.  
          Host ID-based certificate deployment on inactive master server nodes
      2.  
        Deploying host ID-based certificates on cluster nodes
      3.  
        Revoking a host ID-based certificate for a clustered NetBackup setup
      4.  
        Deploying a host ID-based certificate on a clustered NetBackup setup using reissue token
      5.  
        Creating a reissue token for a clustered NetBackup setup
      6.  
        Renewing a host ID-based certificate on a clustered NetBackup setup
      7.  
        Viewing certificate details of a clustered NetBackup setup
      8.  
        Removing CA certificates from a clustered NetBackup setup
      9.  
        Generating a certificate on a clustered master server after disaster recovery installation
    14.  
      About the communication between a NetBackup client located in a demilitarized zone and a master server through an HTTP tunnel
    15.  
      Adding a NetBackup host manually
    16. Migrating NetBackup CA
      1.  
        Setting the required key strength before installation or upgrade using the NB_KEYSIZE environment variable
      2.  
        Migrating NetBackup CA when the entire NetBackup domain is upgraded to NetBackup 8.3
      3.  
        Manually migrating NetBackup CA after installation or upgrade
      4.  
        Establishing communication with clients that do not have new CA certificates after CA migration
      5.  
        Viewing a list of NetBackup CAs in the domain
      6.  
        Viewing the CA migration summary
      7.  
        Decommissioning the inactive NetBackup CA
  9. External CA support in NetBackup
    1. About external CA support in NetBackup
      1.  
        Command-line options used for external certificate configuration
    2.  
      Workflow to use external certificates for NetBackup host communication
    3. Configuration options for external CA-signed certificates
      1. ECA_CERT_PATH for NetBackup servers and clients
        1.  
          Specifying Windows certificate store for ECA_CERT_PATH
      2.  
        ECA_TRUST_STORE_PATH for NetBackup servers and clients
      3.  
        ECA_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH for NetBackup servers and clients
      4.  
        ECA_KEY_PASSPHRASEFILE for NetBackup servers and clients
      5.  
        ECA_CRL_CHECK for NetBackup servers and clients
      6.  
        ECA_CRL_PATH for NetBackup servers and clients
      7.  
        ECA_CRL_PATH_SYNC_HOURS for NetBackup servers and clients
      8.  
        ECA_CRL_REFRESH_HOURS for NetBackup servers and clients
      9.  
        ECA_DISABLE_AUTO_ENROLLMENT for NetBackup servers and clients
      10.  
        ECA_DR_BKUP_WIN_CERT_STORE for NetBackup servers and clients
    4. About certificate revocation lists for external CA
      1.  
        How CRLs from ECA_CRL_PATH are used
      2.  
        How CRLs from CDP URLs are used
    5. About certificate enrollment
      1.  
        About automatic enrollment of an external certificate
    6.  
      About viewing enrollment status of master servers
    7. Configuring an external certificate for the NetBackup web server
      1.  
        Updating or renewing external certificate for the web server
      2.  
        Removing the external certificate configured for the web server
    8.  
      Configuring the master server to use an external CA-signed certificate
    9.  
      Configuring a NetBackup host (media server, client, or cluster node) to use an external CA-signed certificate after installation
    10.  
      Enrolling an external certificate for a remote host
    11.  
      Viewing the certificate authorities that your NetBackup domain supports
    12.  
      Viewing external CA-signed certificates in the NetBackup web UI
    13.  
      Renewing a file-based external certificate
    14.  
      Removing certificate enrollment
    15.  
      Disabling the NetBackup CA in a NetBackup domain
    16.  
      Enabling the NetBackup CA in a NetBackup domain
    17.  
      Disabling an external CA in a NetBackup domain
    18.  
      Changing the subject name of an enrolled external certificate
    19. About external certificate configuration for a clustered master server
      1.  
        Workflow to use external certificates for a clustered master server
      2. Configuration options for external CA-signed certificates for a virtual name
        1.  
          CLUSTER_ECA_CERT_PATH for clustered master server
        2.  
          CLUSTER_ECA_TRUST_STORE_PATH for clustered master server
        3.  
          CLUSTER_ECA_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH for clustered master server
        4.  
          CLUSTER_ECA_KEY_PASSPHRASEFILE for clustered master server
      3.  
        Configuring an external certificate for a clustered master server
  10. About API keys in NetBackup
    1.  
      About API keys
    2.  
      Creating API keys
    3.  
      Managing an API key
    4. Using an API key
      1.  
        Setting an API key environment variable to run NetBackup commands
  11. Data at rest encryption security
    1.  
      Data at rest encryption terminology
    2.  
      Data at rest encryption considerations
    3.  
      Encryption security questions to consider
    4.  
      Comparison of encryption options
    5. About NetBackup client encryption
      1.  
        Installation prerequisites for encryption security
      2. About running an encryption backup
        1.  
          About choosing encryption for a backup
        2.  
          Standard encryption backup process
        3.  
          Legacy encryption backup process
      3.  
        NetBackup standard encryption restore process
      4.  
        NetBackup legacy encryption restore process
    6. Configuring standard encryption on clients
      1.  
        Managing standard encryption configuration options
      2.  
        Managing the NetBackup encryption key file
      3. About configuring standard encryption from the server
        1.  
          About creating encryption key files on the clients
        2.  
          Creating the key files
        3.  
          Best practices for key file restoration
        4.  
          Manual retention to protect key file pass phrases
        5.  
          Automatic backup of the key file
      4.  
        Restoring an encrypted backup file to another client
      5.  
        About configuring standard encryption directly on clients
      6.  
        Setting standard encryption attribute in policies
      7.  
        Changing the client encryption settings from the NetBackup server
    7. Configuring legacy encryption on clients
      1. About configuring legacy encryption from the client
        1.  
          Managing legacy encryption key files
      2. About configuring legacy encryption from the server
        1.  
          About pushing the legacy encryption configuration to clients
        2.  
          About pushing the legacy encryption pass phrases to clients
      3.  
        Restoring a legacy encrypted backup created on another client
      4.  
        About setting legacy encryption attribute in policies
      5.  
        Changing client legacy encryption settings from the server
      6. Additional legacy key file security for UNIX clients
        1.  
          Running the bpcd -keyfile command
        2.  
          Terminating bpcd on UNIX clients
  12. Data at rest key management
    1.  
      Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
    2.  
      About FIPS enabled KMS
    3. About the Key Management Service (KMS)
      1.  
        KMS considerations
      2.  
        KMS principles of operation
      3.  
        About writing an encrypted tape
      4.  
        About reading an encrypted tape
      5.  
        KMS terminology
    4. Installing KMS
      1.  
        Using KMS with NBAC
      2.  
        About installing KMS with HA clustering
      3.  
        Enabling the monitoring of the KMS service
      4.  
        Disabling the monitoring of the KMS service
    5. Configuring KMS
      1.  
        Creating the key database
      2. About key groups and key records
        1.  
          About creating key groups
        2.  
          About creating key records
      3. Overview of key record states
        1.  
          Key record state considerations
        2.  
          Prelive key record state
        3.  
          Active key record state
        4.  
          Inactive key record state
        5.  
          Deprecated key record state
        6.  
          Terminated key record state
      4.  
        About backing up the KMS database files
      5.  
        About recovering KMS by restoring all data files
      6.  
        Recovering KMS by restoring only the KMS data file
      7.  
        Recovering KMS by regenerating the data encryption key
      8.  
        Problems backing up the KMS data files
      9.  
        Solutions for backing up the KMS data files
      10.  
        Creating a key record
      11.  
        Listing keys from a key group
      12. Configuring NetBackup to work with KMS
        1.  
          NetBackup and key records from KMS
        2.  
          Example of setting up NetBackup to use tape encryption
      13.  
        Configuring NetBackup KMS using the KMS web application
    6. About using KMS for encryption
      1.  
        About importing KMS encrypted images
      2.  
        Example of running an encrypted tape backup
      3.  
        Example of verifying an encryption backup
    7. KMS database constituents
      1.  
        Creating an empty KMS database
      2.  
        Importance of the KPK ID and HMK ID
      3.  
        About periodically updating the HMK and KPK
      4.  
        Backing up the KMS keystore and administrator keys
    8. Command line interface (CLI) commands
      1.  
        CLI usage help
      2.  
        Create a new key group
      3.  
        Create a new key
      4.  
        Modify key group attributes
      5.  
        Modify key attributes
      6.  
        Get details of key groups
      7.  
        Get details of keys
      8.  
        Delete a key group
      9.  
        Delete a key
      10.  
        Recover a key
      11. About exporting and importing keys from the KMS database
        1. Exporting keys
          1.  
            Troubleshooting common errors during an export
        2. Importing keys
          1.  
            Troubleshooting common errors during an import
      12.  
        Modify host master key (HMK)
      13.  
        Get host master key (HMK) ID
      14.  
        Get key protection key (KPK) ID
      15.  
        Modify key protection key (KPK)
      16.  
        Get keystore statistics
      17.  
        Quiesce KMS database
      18.  
        Unquiesce KMS database
      19.  
        Key creation options
    9. Troubleshooting KMS
      1.  
        Solution for backups not encrypting
      2.  
        Solution for restores that do not decrypt
      3.  
        Troubleshooting example - backup with no active key record
      4.  
        Troubleshooting example - restore with an improper key record state
  13. External KMS support in NetBackup
    1.  
      About external KMS
    2.  
      Certificate configuration and authorization
    3.  
      Workflow for external KMS configuration
    4.  
      Validating KMS credentials
    5. Configuring KMS credentials
      1.  
        Listing KMS credentials
      2.  
        Updating KMS credentials
      3.  
        Deleting KMS credentials
    6. Configuring KMS
      1.  
        Listing KMS configurations
      2.  
        Updating KMS configuration
      3.  
        Deleting KMS configuration
    7.  
      Configuring keys in an external KMS for NetBackup consumption
    8. Creating keys in an external KMS
      1.  
        Listing keys
    9.  
      Determining a key group name during storage configuration
    10. Working with multiple KMS servers
      1.  
        Migrating one KMS server to another KMS server
      2.  
        Using a separate KMS server for each storage configuration
    11.  
      Working with external KMS during backup and restore
    12.  
      Key rotation
    13.  
      Disaster recovery when catalog backup is encrypted using an external KMS server
    14.  
      Alerts for expiration of KMS credentials
  14. Regenerating keys and certificates
    1.  
      About regenerating keys and certificates
    2.  
      Regenerating NetBackup authentication broker keys and certificates
    3.  
      Regenerating host identity keys and certificates
    4.  
      Regenerating web service keys and certificates
    5.  
      Regenerating nbcertservice keys and certificates
    6.  
      Regenerating tomcat keys and certificates
    7.  
      Regenerating JWT keys
    8.  
      Regenerating NetBackup gateway certificates
    9.  
      Regenerating web trust store certificates
    10.  
      Regenerating VMware vCenter plug-in certificates
    11.  
      Regenerating NetBackup Administrator Console session certificates
    12.  
      Regenerating OpsCenter keys and certificates
    13.  
      Regenerating NetBackup encryption key file
  15. NetBackup web services account
    1.  
      About the NetBackup web services account
    2.  
      Changing the web service user account

Multi-datacenter with NBAC complete

The multi-datacenter with NBAC complete example is defined as a medium to large group of hosts (greater than 50) that span two or more geographic regions and can be connected by a Wide Area Network (WAN). In this example, one datacenter is in London and the other datacenter is in Tokyo. Both datacenters are connected through a dedicated WAN connection.

This environment is very similar to the multi-datacenter with NBAC master and media server. The main differences are that all hosts participating in the NetBackup environment are reliably identified using credentials and non-root administrators can manage the NetBackup clients based on configurable levels of access. Note that user identities may exist in global repositories such as Active Directory in Windows or NIS in UNIX. Identities can also exist in local repositories (UNIX passwd, local Windows domain) on those hosts supporting an authentication broker.

The multi-datacenter with NBAC complete includes the following highlights:

  • NetBackup spans two or more geographic regions through a WAN

  • Similar to highlights for multi-datacenter with NBAC master and media server except for root or administrator on client. The non-root administration of clients and servers is permitted in this configuration.

  • On client systems, non-root / administrator users can be configured to perform local backup and restores (setup by default)

  • The environment facilitates trusted identification of all hosts participating in NetBackup

  • Requires all hosts to be at NetBackup version 7.7 or later.

Figure: Multi-datacenter with NBAC complete shows an example multi-datacenter with NBAC complete.

Figure: Multi-datacenter with NBAC complete